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Offer and Acceptance under Indian Contract Act, 1872: One of the essential elements of a valid contract is the mutual consent of the parties to enter into a legal obligation. This consent is expressed by the process of offer and acceptance. According to section 2(a) of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, an offer is "when one person signifies to another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything, with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to such act or abstinence". Similarly, section 2(b) defines acceptance as "when the person to whom the proposal is made signifies his assent thereto."